What is the principle difference between an assistance animal and a service animal?

The distinction between service animals and assistance animals is primarily based on their training and purpose. Service animals, specifically dogs, are trained to perform specific tasks that assist individuals with disabilities. These tasks can include guiding a person who is visually impaired, alerting someone who is deaf, or pulling a wheelchair. Because they are trained for these specific roles, service animals are afforded particular legal protections under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

On the other hand, the term "assistance animal" encompasses a broader category that includes not only dogs but also other types of animals, such as cats or miniature horses, that provide emotional or psychological support. Unlike service animals, assistance animals do not require specialized training to perform specific tasks; their primary role is to offer comfort to individuals in need.

This understanding is key, as it highlights the importance of training and function in defining the types of animals and the legal treatments they receive. The recognition of this difference is crucial for individuals seeking accommodations under fair housing laws and for understanding the varying protections given to these animals under different regulations.